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What Was the Chicago Women's Liberation Union?
by Becky Kluchin (1999)
The
Chicago Women's Liberation Union (CWLU), the first women's liberation
union in the country, was formed in 1969 by a group of women interested
in expanding the emerging women's movement in Chicago. These women
were not alone in their efforts; radical feminist groups sprang up
across the country around the same time with a similar mission of
establishing a national movement similar to that of civil rights and
the anti-war campaigns.
The
CWLU identified itself as socialist-feminist. It functioned as
an umbrella organization, structured to promote communication and
collaboration between feminist groups already in existence, and to
provide a forum for additional groups to develop. At its peak, the
Union maintained five hundred dues-paying members.
The
Women's Union addressed a myriad of issues during its eight-year
existence. Some of its most popular initiatives involved groups
such as:
- the Rape
Project,
- the Abortion
Task Force,
- H.E.R.S.
(Health Evaluation and
Referral Service),
- the Abortion
Counseling Service (also known as "Jane"),
- D.A.R.E.
(Direct Action for Rights and Employment),
- the Prison
Project,
- a Women's
Legal Clinic,
- the Alice
Hamilton Clinic
- the Emma
Goldman Clinic.
The
Union also printed a monthly newsletter, published a newspaper, Womankind,
and for a brief period printed a lesbian newspaper, Blazing Star.
In 1971 it established the Liberation School for Women that offered
classes such as, car maintenance, nutrition, women's history, women's
liberation literature, and female sexuality. The Women's Graphic Collective,
established in 1969, created and distributed posters advocating women's
liberation across the country. Not only did the Women's Union establish
its own programs for change, many of its members collaborated with
other feminist organizations across the city to address issues such
as sterilization abuse, abortion, and the struggle to keep the Chicago
Maternity Center open.
Former
Women's Union members have joined with others to create this website
devoted to the history of the CWLU and the women's liberation movement.
In
a recent interview, former member Micki Leaner said, "I'm having
an opportunity to do what I bemoaned hadn't been done for the feminists
of my generations which was to leave us lessons, to dialogue with
us, to talk with us about 'okay, so here's what we did and here's
what we learned,' so that we could walk away from that saying 'okay
so we don't need to re-invent that'."
Former
members of the Women's Union established this website for two reasons:
to preserve the history of the Union, and to use this history as
a means to establish a dialogue with the younger generation of
feminists. By preserving the Union's history in this medium, CWLU
members hope to engage younger feminists in the type of discussion
that Leaner understood to be missing from her experience with feminism.
The
site consists of former members' memoirs, interviews former members
have done with current researchers, Union documents, posters, pictures,
and the most recent scholarship on the Union and its various constituencies.
All of these are designed not only to preserve the Union's history,
but also to offer it to the next generation of feminists to build
upon.
Becky Kluchin
is a graduate student in history at Carnegie-Mellon University. She
is an active member of the Chicago Women's Liberation Herstory Project
and is writing a paper on the history of the women's health movement
in Chicago.
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